Eye Strain and Anxiety

Written by Jim Folk
Medically reviewed by Marilyn Folk, BScN.
Last updated October 23, 2024

eye strain anxiety symptoms

Eye strain, such as eyes feel strained, sore, tired, heavy, or dry are common anxiety symptoms, including anxiety and panic attack symptoms.

Many anxious people experience eye strain symptoms due to their anxiety.

This article explains the relationship between anxiety and eye strain symptoms.

Eye Strain Common Anxiety Symptom Descriptions

  • One or both eyes feel strained like you’ve been reading or watching TV or your device too long.
  • One or both eyes feel unusually tired.
  • One or both eyes feel dry, heavy, or like you can’t keep your eyes open any longer.
  • One or both eyes feel hard to keep open because they are so strained, tired, heavy, or dry.
  • You must squint because your eye(s) feels so tired, dry, and as if you haven’t slept in days.
  • Your eye or eyes feel strained and sore.
  • This symptom can affect one eye only, shift and affect the other eye, migrate back and forth from eye to eye, and affect both eyes just once or repeatedly.

This symptom can:

  • Occur occasionally, frequently, or persistently.
  • Precede, accompany, or follow an escalation of other anxiety symptoms or occur by itself.
  • Precede, accompany, or follow a period of nervousness, anxiety, fear, and stress, or occur "out of the blue" for no reason.
  • Range in intensity from mild, to moderate, to severe.
  • Come in waves where it’s strong one moment and eases off the next.
  • Occur for a while, subside, and then return for no reason.
  • Change from day to day, moment to moment, or remain as a constant background during your struggle with anxiety disorder.

All the above combinations and variations are common.

This symptom can seem particularly strong when undistracted, resting, deep relaxing, trying to go to sleep, or when waking up.

This symptom can also be experienced in conjunction with pain in the eye(s) or when dizzy (lightheaded, woozy, etc.).

For some people, these symptoms are more noticeable when tired or when sleep is disrupted.

To see if anxiety might be playing a role in your symptoms, rate your level of anxiety using our free one-minute instant results Anxiety Test, Anxiety Disorder Test, or Hyperstimulation Test.

The higher the rating, the more likely anxiety could be contributing to or causing your anxiety symptoms, including feeling like impending doom symptoms.

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Causes

Medical Advisory

Talk to your doctor about all new, changing, persistent, and returning symptoms as some medical conditions and medications can cause anxiety-like symptoms.

Additional Medical Advisory Information.

There can be many causes for this symptom, such as aging; poor nutrition; a hormonal problem; suppression of, impairment of, or malfunctioning immune system; smoking; side effects of medication (prescription and over-the-counter); eye strain and stress from long hours of reading, watching TV, working at a computer, or driving; insufficient sleep; environments with polluted, dusty, dirty, or smoky air; air conditioning; wind; environmental allergens; the onset of the flu; and excessive use of eye drops such as Visine and Murine.

If your doctor has attributed this symptom to stress, including anxiety-caused stress, this symptom is a common symptom of anxiety. For example:

1. Anxiety-Activated Stress Response

Anxious behavior, such as worry, activates the stress response, which secretes stress hormones into the bloodstream, where they travel to specific locations to immediately prepare the body for emergency action – to fight or flee. This instinctual survival reaction is often referred to as the Fight Or Flight Response.[1][2]

Visit the “Stress Response” article for the many ways it can affect the body.

eye muscles illustration

The stress response can cause acute eye strain in many ways. For example, the stress response causes:

  • Tighten muscles so the body is more resilient to harm, including those in the head, face, neck, and the muscles that control the eyes. Tight eye muscles can cause eye strain.
  • Stimulates the nervous system, including certain parts of the brain like the occipital lobe, the area of the brain responsible for vision. Stimulation of the occipital lobe can cause eye strain pain and headaches due to how stress hormones affect the grey matter in the occipital lobe.
  • Heightens most of the body’s senses, including vision, by dilating the pupils. Heightened vision can increase light sensitivity, causing squinting eye strain pain and headaches.
  • Suspends tear production, causing dry eyes and eye strain pain.
  • Increases activity in the amygdala (the brain’s fear center) and decreases activity in the pre-frontal cortex (the rationalization area of the brain) so that our attention is focused on the threat and away from thoughts that could be distracting. Increased danger surveillance can cause excessive eye movement and focus, which can lead to eye strain pain.

Any combination of stress response changes can cause acute eye strain and pain.

An active stress response is a common cause of acute eye strain and pain.

2. Hyperstimulation

When stress responses occur infrequently, the body recovers relatively quickly from its changes. However, frequently activated stress responses, such as from overly anxious behavior, can prevent the body from completely recovering. Incomplete recovery can leave the body in a state of semi-stress-response-readiness, which we call “stress-response hyperstimulation” since stress hormones are powerful stimulants.

Hyperstimulation is also often referred to as “hyperarousal,” “HPA axis dysfunction,” or “nervous system dysregulation.” [3][4]

Visit our “Hyperstimulation” article for more information about the many ways hyperstimulation can affect the body and how we feel.

Hyperstimulation can cause the changes of an active stress response even though a stress response hasn’t been activated.

Just as an active stress response can cause acute eye strain symptoms, hyperstimulation can cause chronic eye strain symptoms.

Hyperstimulation can cause this symptom in other ways, too. For instance, hyperstimulation can cause:

  • Nervous System Excitation and Dysregulation: A chronically stimulated nervous system can act erratically and cause all kinds of nervous, sensory, and somatic system problems, such as eye strain symptoms.
  • Homeostatic Dysregulation: Homeostasis is the body’s ability to automatically maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment. Hyperstimulation can cause homeostatic dysregulation, leading to internal regulation problems, affecting the nervous, sensory, and somatic systems, causing problems with eye strain and symptoms.
  • Hormone Dysregulation: Hormones play a crucial role in homeostasis and many bodily functions, which can affect the nervous, sensory, and vestibular systems. Since stress hormones affect other hormones, hyperstimulation can cause nervous, sensory, and somatic system problems, such as eye strain symptoms.
  • Sleep disruption and fatigue: Hyperstimulation taxes the body’s energy resources harder than normal, leading to sleep deprivation and fatigue, which can cause eye strain symptoms and headaches.

Hyperstimulation is a common cause of chronic eye strain symptoms.

Other Factors

Other factors can create stress and cause anxiety-like symptoms, as well as aggravate existing anxiety symptoms, including:

Select the relevant link for more information.

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Treatment

When other factors cause or aggravate this anxiety symptom, addressing the specific cause can reduce and eliminate anxiety eye strain.

When an active stress response causes this symptom, ending the active stress response will cause this acute anxiety symptom to subside.

Keep in mind that it can take up to 20 minutes or more for the body to recover from a major stress response. But this is normal and needn’t be a cause for concern.

When hyperstimulation (chronic stress) causes eye strain, eliminating hyperstimulation will end this anxiety symptom.

You can eliminate hyperstimulation by:

  • Reducing stress.
  • Containing anxious behavior (since anxiety creates stress).
  • Regular deep relaxation.
  • Avoiding stimulants.
  • Regular light to moderate exercise.
  • Eating a healthy diet of whole and natural foods.
  • Passively accepting your symptoms until they subside.
  • Being patient as your body recovers.

Visit our “60 Natural Ways To Reduce Stress” article for more ways to reduce stress.

Recovery Support members can view chapters 5, 6, 7, 14 and more for more detailed information about recovering from hyperstimulation and anxiety disorder.

As the body recovers from hyperstimulation, it stops sending symptoms, including this one.

Symptoms of chronic stress subside as the body regains its normal, non-hyperstimulated health.

However, eliminating hyperstimulation can take much longer than most people think, causing symptoms to linger longer than expected.

As long as the body is even slightly hyperstimulated, it can present symptoms of any type, number, intensity, duration, frequency, and at any time, including this one.

Since worrying and becoming upset about anxiety symptoms stress the body, these behaviors can interfere with recovery.

Passively accepting your symptoms – allowing them to persist without reacting to, resisting, worrying about, or fighting them – while doing your recovery work will cause their cessation in time.

Acceptance, practice, and patience are key to recovery.

Short-term strategies

Even though eliminating hyperstimulation will eliminate chronic anxiety symptoms, including eye strain, some people have found the following strategies helpful.

However, keep in mind that each person can have a unique symptom experience since each person is somewhat physically, chemically, psychologically, and emotionally unique. What might work for one person might not for another.

  • Avoid long hours of electronic device usage – spending long hours using your electronic devices (TV, computer, cell phone, iPod, iPad/tablets, video games, computer games, etc.) is a common cause of eyestrain, especially because of the bright light electronic devices emit. Reducing your electronic device time can take the strain off of your eyes, which can help eliminate eye symptoms.
  • Take frequent breaks from your computer - If your job requires you to look at a computer screen, take frequent rest breaks to rest your eyes. You can also take a few minutes and look at objects far off in the distance. This can help loosen strained eye muscles.
  • Frequent mini deep relaxation breaks - You can also take frequent mini deep relaxation breaks to give your entire body a rest, including the eyes.
  • Eye drops – Some people have found using eye drops can help alleviate this symptom. Talk with your eye specialist for more information.
  • Wear sunglasses – If bright environments are contributing to this symptom, wearing sunglasses can help lessen the strain on the eyes.
  • Regular good sleep – Getting good sleep each night not only reduces stress but can also help alleviate eye strain symptoms.

I (Jim Folk) had this symptom, too, when I was struggling with anxiety disorder. I also still get it from time to time when I let my stress get higher than I normally let it. It is a common symptom of stress, including anxiety-caused stress.

Therefore, it needn’t be a cause for concern. It will subside when your stress has been returned to a healthy level.

Recovery Support

The Recovery Support area of our website contains thousands of pages of important self-help information to help individuals overcome anxiety disorder, hyperstimulation, and symptoms.

Due to the vast amount of information, including a private Discussion Forum, many of our Recovery Support members consider it their online recovery support group.

Therapy

Unidentified and unaddressed underlying factors cause issues with anxiety. As such, they are the primary reason why anxiety symptoms persist.

Addressing your underlying factors (Level Two recovery) is most important if you want lasting success.

Addressing Level Two recovery can help you:

  • Contain anxious behavior.
  • Become unafraid of anxiety symptoms and the strong feelings of anxiety.
  • End anxiety symptoms.
  • Successfully address the underlying factors that so often cause issues with anxiety.
  • End what can feel like out-of-control worry.

All our recommended anxiety therapists have had anxiety disorder and overcame it. Their personal experience with anxiety disorder and their Master's Degree and above professional training give them insight other therapists don't have.

If you want to achieve lasting success over anxiety disorder, any one of our recommended therapists would be a good choice.

Working with an experienced anxiety disorder therapist is the most effective way to treat anxiety disorder, especially if you have persistent symptoms and difficulty containing anxious behavior, such as worry.[5][6][7]

In many cases, working with an experienced therapist is the only way to overcome stubborn anxiety.

Research has shown that therapy is the most effective treatment for anxiety disorder, and distance therapy (via phone or the Internet) is equally, if not more effective, than face-to-face in-person therapy.[8][9][10]

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Prevalence

In an online poll we conducted, over 45 percent of respondents said they had eye strain symptoms due to their anxiety.

The combination of good self-help information and working with an experienced anxiety disorder therapist, coach, or counselor is the most effective way to address anxiety and its many symptoms. Until the core causes of anxiety are addressed – which we call the underlying factors of anxiety – a struggle with anxiety unwellness can return again and again. Dealing with the underlying factors of anxiety is the best way to address problematic anxiety.

Additional Resources

Return to our anxiety disorders signs and symptoms page.

anxietycentre.com: Information, support, and therapy for anxiety disorder and its symptoms, including eye strain symptoms anxiety symptoms.

References

1. Chu, Brianna, et al. “Physiology, Stress Reaction.” StatPearls, 7 May 2024.

2. Godoy, Livea, et al. "A Comprehensive Overview on Stress Neurobiology: Basic Concepts and Clinical Implications." Frontiers In Behavioral Neuroscience, 3, July 2018.

3. Yaribeygi, Habib, et al. “The Impact of Stress on Body Function: A Review.” EXCLI Journal, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 2017.

4. Teixeira, Renata Roland, et al. “Chronic Stress Induces a Hyporeactivity of the Autonomic Nervous System in Response to Acute Mental Stressor and Impairs Cognitive Performance in Business Executives.” Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2015.

5. Hofmann, Stefan G., et al. “The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review of Meta-Analyses.” Cognitive Therapy and Research, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Oct. 2012.

6. Leichsenring, Falk. “Is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy the Gold Standard for Psychotherapy?” JAMA, American Medical Association, 10 Oct. 2017.

7. DISCLAIMER: Because each body is somewhat chemically unique, and because each person will have a unique mix of symptoms and underlying factors, recovery results may vary. Variances can occur for many reasons, including due to the severity of the condition, the ability of the person to apply the recovery concepts, and the commitment to making behavioral change.

8. Kingston, Dawn.“Advantages of E-Therapy Over Conventional Therapy.” Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, 11 Dec. 2017.

9. Markowitz, John, et al. “Psychotherapy at a Distance.” Psychiatry Online, March 2021.

10. Thompson, Ryan Baird, "Psychology at a Distance: Examining the Efficacy of Online Therapy" (2016). University Honors Theses. Paper 285.