Headaches, Migraines, Head Tension – anxiety symptoms

Written by Jim Folk
Medically reviewed by Marilyn Folk, BScN.
Last updated March 8, 2025

headaches, frequent, more severe, and chronic headaches anxiety symptom

Headaches, such as unusual tension, pain, pressure, or fullness in the head, are common anxiety symptoms, including anxiety and panic attack symptoms.

  • Many anxious people get headaches due to their anxiety, as it is a common anxiety symptoms.

This article explains the relationship between anxiety and headaches, including more severe, more frequent, and chronic headaches.

Headaches Common Anxiety Symptom Descriptions

  • Headaches or an increase in severity and frequency of headaches and not sure why.
  • Unusual tension, pressure, or shooting pain(s) in your head or face.
  • Unusual stabbing pains in the head.
  • An unusual “tight band around your head.”
  • It can also feel like your head is “frozen,” “thick,” or “numb.”
  • Odd ache, pain, feeling, or sensation in the head.
  • Intense pressure or unusual, odd pressures in the head.
  • More severe headaches.
  • Persistent headaches.
  • Headaches for seemingly no reason.
  • Out-of-the-blue headaches.

This symptom can affect one area of the head only, shift and affect another area or areas, migrate and affect other areas of the head, and affect what seems like the entire head once or repeatedly.

Headaches can:

  • Occur occasionally, frequently, or persistently.
  • Precede, accompany, or follow an escalation of other anxiety symptoms or occur by itself.
  • Precede, accompany, or follow a period of nervousness, anxiety, fear, and stress, or occur "out of the blue" for no reason.
  • Range in intensity from mild, to moderate, to severe.
  • Come in waves where it’s strong one moment and eases off the next.
  • Occur for a while, subside, and then return for no reason.
  • Change from day to day, moment to moment, or remain as a constant background during your struggle with anxiety disorder.

This symptom can seem more noticeable when undistracted, resting, trying to sleep, or waking up.

All the above combinations and variations are common.

To see if anxiety might be playing a role in your symptoms, rate your level of anxiety using our free one-minute instant results Anxiety Test, Anxiety Disorder Test, or Hyperstimulation Test.

The higher the rating, the more likely anxiety could be contributing to or causing your anxiety symptoms, including feeling like impending doom symptoms.

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Causes

Medical Advisory

Talk to your doctor about all new, changing, persistent, and returning symptoms as some medical conditions and medications can cause anxiety-like symptoms.

Additional Medical Advisory Information.

There are many causes of headaches, including muscle contraction, vascular, and inflammation [1][2]. These types of headaches can be caused by stress, including anxiety-caused stress. Here’s why:

1. The Stress Response

Anxious behavior, such as worry, activates the stress response, causing many body-wide changes that prepare the body for immediate emergency action – to fight or flee. This survival reaction is often referred to as the fight or flight response [3][4].

Visit our “Stress Response” article for more information about its many changes.

  • Quickly converts the body’s energy reserves into “fuel” (blood sugar) to instantly boost energy.
  • Increases heart rate, respiration, and metabolism due to the boost in energy, increasing blood pressure.
  • Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, increasing nervous system activity to be more sensitive and reactive to danger.
  • Heightens most of the body’s senses to be more aware of danger.
  • Increases activity in the amygdala (the brain’s fear center) and decreases activity in the prefrontal cortex (the rationalization area of the brain) so that our attention is focused on the threat and away from thoughts that could be distracting.
  • Shunts blood to parts of the body vital to survival, such as the brain, arms, legs, muscles, and vital organs, and away from parts less essential for survival, such as the stomach, digestive system, and skin. It accomplishes this by constricting blood vessels in certain parts of the body and dilating them in others.
  • Tightens muscles to make the body more resilient to injury.

To name a few.

Many of these changes can lead to headaches, such as:

  • Increased blood pressure due to increased heart rate, respiration, and metabolism.
  • Tight muscles, including in the head, neck, and shoulders, can cause headaches.
  • Blood shunting to the brain can cause a pressure-like feeling in the head.
  • Increased nervous system activity can make it feel like a headache.
  • A sudden boost of energy can also create a “head pressure” feeling, leading to headaches.

Any combination of these changes can cause headaches.

Acute anxiety and the accompanying stress response are common causes of acute headaches.

2. Hyperstimulation

When stress responses occur infrequently, the body recovers relatively quickly from the physiological, psychological, and emotional changes.

However, when stress responses occur too frequently, such as from overly anxious behavior, the body doesn’t completely recover. Incomplete recovery can cause the body to remain in a state of semi-stress response readiness, which we call “stress-response hyperstimulation” since stress hormones are powerful stimulants.

Hyperstimulation is also often referred to as “hyperarousal,” “HPA axis dysfunction,” or “nervous system dysregulation” [5][6]

Visit our “Hyperstimulation” article for more information about the many ways hyperstimulation can affect the body and how we feel.

Hyperstimulation can cause the changes of an active stress response even though a stress response hasn’t been activated. Headaches, especially frequent headaches, are common indications of hyperstimulation (chronic stress).

But that’s not all. Hyperstimulation can cause headaches in other ways. For instance, hyperstimulation can cause:

  • Nervous System Excitation and Dysregulation: A chronically stimulated nervous system can act erratically and cause all kinds of nervous, sensory, somatic, muscular, and skeletal system problems, such as headaches.
  • Homeostatic Dysregulation: Homeostasis is the body’s ability to automatically maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment. Hyperstimulation can cause homeostatic dysregulation, leading to internal regulation problems, affecting the nervous, sensory, circulatory, skeletal, muscular, somatic, and vestibular systems, causing headaches, especially out-of-the-blue and frequent headaches.
  • Hormone changes: Hormones play a crucial role in homeostasis and many bodily functions, which can affect the nervous, sensory, circulatory, skeletal, muscular, somatic, and vestibular systems. Since stress hormones affect other hormones, hyperstimulation can affect all these symptoms, causing a wide range of symptoms, including headaches.
  • Sleep disruption and fatigue: Hyperstimulation can interfere with sleep and tax the body’s energy resources harder and faster than normal. Sleep disruption and fatigue can affect all the bodily systems, causing headaches.

As long as the body is hyperstimulated, it can exhibit hyperstimulation symptoms, including headaches.

Hyperstimulation is a common cause of headaches, especially frequent and chronic headaches.

Moreover, hyperstimulation can also cause problems with inflammation. Consequently, hyperstimulation is also a common cause of headaches caused by inflammation.

Furthermore, hyperstimulation, which can tax the vascular system (also called the circulatory system), is a common cause of vascular headaches, such as migraine headaches.

Hyperstimulation can also reduce serotonin and other neurotransmitters in the brain, which have also been tied to migraine headaches.

Hyperstimulation is a common trigger for migraine headaches.

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3. Other Factors

Other factors can create stress and cause anxiety-like symptoms, as well as aggravate existing anxiety symptoms, including:

Select the relevant link for more information.

4. High blood pressure

High blood pressure can also cause headaches. They’re often described as throbbing or pulsating, usually felt at the back of the head or in the mornings.

If you experience odd or uncharacteristic headaches, it’s best to discuss them with your doctor to ensure high blood pressure isn't a factor.

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Treatment

Other factors

When headaches are caused or aggravated by other factors, addressing those factors can reduce and eliminate these symptoms.

Active Stress Response

When headaches are caused by anxious behavior and active stress response, calming yourself will end the stress response and its changes. As your body recovers from the active stress response, this anxiety symptom will subside.

Keep in mind it can take up to 20 minutes or more for the body to recover from a major stress response. But this is normal and needn’t be a cause for concern.

Hyperstimulation

When headaches are caused by hyperstimulation, eliminating hyperstimulation will cause headaches to subside.

You can reduce and eliminate hyperstimulation by:

  • Containing anxious behavior.
  • Reducing stress.
  • Regular deep relaxation.
  • Relaxed diaphragmatic breathing.
  • Regular light to moderate exercise.
  • Getting regular good sleep.
  • Eating a healthy diet of whole and natural foods.
  • Avoiding stimulants.
  • Passively-accepting your symptoms until they subside.
  • Being patient as your body recovers.

Visit our “60 Natural Ways To Reduce Stress” article for more ways to reduce stress.

Recovery Support members can read chapters 5,6, 7, and 14 for more ways to reduce stress.

As the body recovers from hyperstimulation, it stops sending symptoms of hyperstimulation, including headaches.

However, eliminating hyperstimulation can take much longer than most people think, causing symptoms to linger longer than expected.

As long as the body is hyperstimulated, even slightly, it can present symptoms, including this one.

Since worrying and becoming upset about anxiety symptoms stress the body, these behaviors can interfere with and stall recovery.

Passively accepting your symptoms – allowing them to persist without reacting to, resisting, worrying about, or fighting them – while doing your recovery work will cause their cessation in time.

Acceptance, practice, and patience are key to recovery.

Since the body can take a long time to recover from hyperstimulation, it's best to faithfully work at your recovery despite the lack of apparent progress. If you persevere with your recovery work, you will succeed.

You also have to do your recovery work FIRST before your body can recover. The cumulative effects of your recovery work will produce results down the road. And hyperstimulation has to diminish before symptoms can subside.

Eliminating hyperstimulation will bring results in time!

Short-term remedies:

Even though eliminating hyperstimulation will eliminate this symptom, reducing the body’s stress can bring short-term relief for some people.

Keep in mind, however, that each person can have a unique symptom experience. What might work for one person might not for another:

Warm bath – can relax the body and nervous system, which can help reduce muscle tension-related symptoms.

Warm compress on the neck – can relieve tight neck muscles and relieve tension headaches.

A cold cloth on the forehead – can reduce and relieve tension and migraine headaches.

Deep relaxation/meditate – Regular deep relaxation soothes the nervous system, stimulates the vagus nerve, and relaxes muscles, all of which can relieve headaches.

Massage – can help the body and nervous system relax, which can help muscles release and relax.

Listen to soothing music – can help the mind, body, nervous system, and muscles relax.

Leisure walk - can help the body, nervous system, and muscles relax.

Leisure swim - can help the body, nervous system, and muscles relax. Many people find water therapy helps reduce stress and its symptoms.

Float on a water device – lying down on an inflatable water raft can be soothing and relaxing, and so can leisurely floating in a boat. Some people find the gentle rocking of the waves enjoyable and relaxing.

Muscle relaxants – can help tense and spasming muscles release and relax.

Pain management – if the pain has become great, which can further stress the body and aggravate pain, over-the-counter pain medication can be helpful.

Tens machine – if you have a specific muscle or muscle group causing persistent pain or pressure, using a Tens machine can help reduce muscle-related pain and pressure. It can also help diffuse the pain and pressure, so the nervous system stops engaging them. A Tens machine used on the shoulders or upper back can relieve headaches.

Any type of stress reduction strategy – can reduce nervous system reactivity and muscle-related symptoms.

Talk with your doctor – if your headaches become too painful, talk with your doctor about a prescription pain reliever or muscle relaxant to help ease these types of symptoms when they are strong or greatly debilitating.

I (Jim Folk) had numerous headaches, too, during my struggle with anxiety disorder. As I eliminated hyperstimulation, the frequency and intensity of my headaches diminished considerably.

I still get headaches from time to time, especially when I let my stress elevate, but they are nowhere near what they used to be during my struggle with anxiety disorder.

Recovery Support

The Recovery Support area of our website contains thousands of pages of important self-help information to help individuals overcome anxiety disorder, hyperstimulation, and symptoms.

Due to the vast amount of information, including a private Discussion Forum, many of our Recovery Support members consider it their online recovery support group.

Therapy

Unidentified and unaddressed underlying factors cause issues with anxiety. As such, they are the primary reason why anxiety symptoms persist.

Addressing your underlying factors (Level Two recovery) is most important if you want lasting success.

Addressing Level Two recovery can help you:

  • Contain anxious behavior.
  • Become unafraid of anxiety symptoms and the strong feelings of anxiety.
  • End anxiety symptoms.
  • Successfully address the underlying factors that so often cause issues with anxiety.
  • End what can feel like out-of-control worry.

All our recommended anxiety therapists have had anxiety disorder and overcame it. Their personal experience with anxiety disorder and their Master's Degree and above professional training give them insight other therapists don't have.

If you want to achieve lasting success over anxiety disorder, any one of our recommended therapists would be a good choice.

Working with an experienced anxiety disorder therapist is the most effective way to treat anxiety disorder, especially if you have persistent symptoms and difficulty containing anxious behavior, such as worry.[7][8][9]

In many cases, working with an experienced therapist is the only way to overcome stubborn anxiety.

Research has shown that therapy is the most effective treatment for anxiety disorder, and distance therapy (via phone or the Internet) is equally, if not more effective, than face-to-face in-person therapy.[10][11][12]

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Prevalence

In an online poll we conducted, 78 percent of respondents said they had headaches due to their anxiety.

The combination of good self-help information and working with an experienced anxiety disorder therapist, coach, or counselor is the most effective way to address anxiety and its many symptoms. Until the core causes of anxiety are addressed – which we call the underlying factors of anxiety – a struggle with anxiety unwellness can return again and again. Dealing with the underlying factors of anxiety is the best way to address problematic anxiety.

Additional Resources

Return to our anxiety disorders signs and symptoms page.

anxietycentre.com: Information, support, and therapy for anxiety disorder and its symptoms, including Headaches anxiety symptoms.

References

1. "What different types of headaches are there?" MedicalNewsToday, retrieved 28 Sept 2020.

2. “Headaches: In Depth.” National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health", U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 16 May 2019.

3. Chu, Brianna, et al. “Physiology, Stress Reaction.” StatPearls, 7 May 2024.

4. Godoy, Livea, et al. "A Comprehensive Overview on Stress Neurobiology: Basic Concepts and Clinical Implications." Frontiers In Behavioral Neuroscience, 3, July 2018.

5. Elbers, Jorina, et al. "Wired for Threat: Clinical Features of Nervous System Dysregulation in 80 Children." Pediatric Neurology, Dec 2018.

6. Yaribeygi, Habib, et al. “The Impact of Stress on Body Function: A Review.” EXCLI Journal, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 2017.

7. Hofmann, Stefan G., et al. “The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review of Meta-Analyses.” Cognitive Therapy and Research, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Oct. 2012.

8. Leichsenring, Falk. “Is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy the Gold Standard for Psychotherapy?” JAMA, American Medical Association, 10 Oct. 2017.

9. DISCLAIMER: Because each body is somewhat chemically unique, and because each person will have a unique mix of symptoms and underlying factors, recovery results may vary. Variances can occur for many reasons, including due to the severity of the condition, the ability of the person to apply the recovery concepts, and the commitment to making behavioral change.

10. Kingston, Dawn.“Advantages of E-Therapy Over Conventional Therapy.” Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, 11 Dec. 2017.

11. Markowitz, John, et al. “Psychotherapy at a Distance.” Psychiatry Online, March 2021.

12. Thompson, Ryan Baird, "Psychology at a Distance: Examining the Efficacy of Online Therapy" (2016). University Honors Theses. Paper 285.